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Educational Survey of 
Laurens County 
Georgia l^^'^ ^^^ 



By 
M. L. DUGGAN, Rural School Agent 

AND 

EURI BELLE BOLTON, 
Extension Dept.. G. N. I. College 



No. 30 



Qo^cn^civr Under Direction of State 

bEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 



M. L. BRITTAIN 
State Superintendent of Schools 
1921 . 

Wonograph . 



"The Common School Should Have the Right of Way Over 
All Other Public Institutions." 



ADMINISTRATION OF LAURENS COUNTY PUBLIC 
SCHOOL SYSTEM 

Superintendent 
Hon. Z. Whitehurst Dublin, G-a. 

Supervisor 
Miss Emma Perry . Dublin, Ga. 

COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION 

Hon. J. L. Keen, Chairman Brewton, Ga. 

Hon. D. M. Kersey Dublin, Ga. 

Hon. T. A. Clark Dublin, Ga. 

Hon. J. A. Youngblood Adrian, Ga. 

Hon. H. D. Joiner Dudley, Oa. 

Dr. 0. H. Cheek, County Health Officer Dublin, Ga. 

Golden Pickett, Farm Demonstration Agent Dublin, Ga. 

Miss Edith Robertson, Home Dem. Agent Dublin, Ga. 



NOTE:.. The survey of Laurens county was undertaken at the re- 
quest of the county school administration, and, upon invitation, in- 
cluded to a small extent the city schools independent of the county 
administration. The work was done during the two last months of 
1920. The county superintendent and county supervisor rendered 
every possible assistance in the work, and the city superintendents 
gave cordial aid in the measurements of their several independent 
systems. Teachers, pupils, patrons, and citizens everywhere responded 
to the searching tests and measurements in such a cordial and co- 
operative spirit as indicated their earnest desire to better existing 
conditions. To all who thus contributed to the work sincere appre- 
ciation and thanks are due. 

M. L. Duggan, Rural School Agent. 

State Department of Education, Atlanta, Ga., March 15, 1921. 

"One dollar in the (pockets of an educated man is worth 
more to him than a thousand dollars in the pockets of an 
ignorant man is worth to him. Ignorance multiplied by a 
million dollars does not come to as much as intelligence 
multiplied by thirty cents.",, 






'•o\ LAURENS COUNTY 

Laurens County is located a little southeast of the geogra- 
phical icenter of the State of Georgia, at the head of naviga- 
tion and on both sides of the Oconee river. The river being 
navigable up to Dublin, the county seat, affords to the county 
the benefits of water competition in freight rates. From the 
county seat railroads run out in six directions, and there are 
one thousand miles of public roads in the county, mostly 
good. As there is very little grading required and excellent 
materials for building clay-sand roads are close at hand, the 
cost of road maintenamce is comparatively light. Many 
bridges are required, and these are being replaced with per- 
manent first-class concrete under a; recent $450,000.00 bond 
issue. In the big problem of transportation, therefore, Lau- 
rens County is exceptionally favored. 

The county has an area of seven hundred ninety-one square 
miles, or 506,240 acres, being the largest county in the state 
excepting only two or three in which there are large areas of 
swampy waste lands. The land has a good clay foundation 
and was originally covered with a fine growth 'of yellow pine, 
affording immense quantities of lumber and turpentine. Agri- 
culture has been intelligently developed, and much of the 
land is in a high state of cultivation. Frequently the county 
has held the record of producing the largest cotton crop of 
any county in the State. Corn, oats and other crops grow 
equally well, and the live stock industry is receiving intelli- 
gent attention. 

The tax digest for 1920 shows a property valuation (at 36 
per cent of its estimated true value) of $16,218,233.00, to 
which should be added $910,230.00 of corporate property 
making a total of $17,127,463.00, of whic^h $983,373.00 is 
negro property. The estimated real value of the property of 
the county is $46,488,363.00 and $2,725,000.00 corporate prop- 
erty, or a total of $59,213,363.00. Laurens county pays into 
the State, as state taxes $77,613.96, and receives from the 
State for schools and pensions $48,321.00, being one of the few 
counties that pays more into the State Treasury than it re- 
ceives from it. 

The population of the county is 39,605, of whom are 

negroes. The school population of the county is 11,700 of 
whom there are 5,899 white and 5,801 negro children. 



Accordino; to the tax digest and the census there are in 
the county $1,481-00 worth of property per capita of the school 
population ; or figuring the proiperty at its estimate true value 
$5,061.00 per capita of the school population. Dividing the 
white property by the white children we find according to the 
tax digest $2,750.00, or according to the estimated real value 
of the property $7,500.00 per capita of the white school pop- 
ulation. Likewise, dividing only the property held by the 
negroes by the number of negro children, we have according 
to tax digest $172.00 per 'capita; or reckoned at its estimated 
true value $500.00 per capita. 

Again, if the entire property of the county (including in- 
dependent systems) as shown uipon the digests ($17,128,463.00) 
were taxed five mills for school support it would yield an- 
nually $85,642.45. In addition to this the county (including 
independent s^'stems) will receive from the State for school 
support $60,723.00, making a total of $146,365.35, annually 
for the education of all the children of the county. To this 
could be added as much more as the local needs might indi- 
'cate (within the Constitutional limitations of an additional 
five mills) through local levies by "local systems, municipali- 
ties, or school districts." 

A Question of Brain Power vs. Gas-Engine Power 

From last available published official reports there appears 
to be 1,788 automobiles in Laurens County. At an estimated 
average valuation of $1,000.00 each, these cost $1,788,000.00, 
which is above $15.00 per capita of the entire school popula- 
tion, black and white, and totals ten times the value of all 
school houses in the County, excepting only the new building 
just 'completed in Dublin. The annual maintenance cost of 
these automobiles owned and operated in the county is many 
times the maintenance cost of operating all the public schools 
in the county. How the people of any county spend their 
money is significant. 

From the foregoing, it is evident that Laurens County is 
abundantly able to provide as good schools for the children 
of the county as the citizens think their children deserve. The 

conditions as found and reported in this bulletin clearly show 
that progress in the development of public schools of the 
county has not kept pace with the development of the ma- 
terial interests of the county. 

"I'll fares the land, to hastening ills a prey. 
Where wealth accumulates and men decay." 



County School Houses. 

Especial attention is called to the character and kind of 
school houses and school equipment as illlustrated and describ- 
ed on the pages of the bulletin. Oomment is unnecessary. 
"They speak for themselves" — and for the children. "Little 
schools" that do not and cannot educate the children should 
quickly give way to live education institutions abreast the 
times in which we live. No man should retard the progress. 

Dublin, the county seat, a thriving city of 7,707 population, 
has a school system entirely independent of the county sys- 
tem. From a careful examination of the several exhibits pub- 
lished elsewhere in this bulletin it will be seen that the edu- 
cational results are very muoh^ [better than found in the 
county system. This is due to many favorable conditions, all 
however, traceable primarily and mainly to better financial 
support and closer supervision. 

There are five other independent systems within the county 
in small towns and villages. The educational results in these 
were found by the same measurements greatly inferior to 
those in the Dublin system, and in some of them no better 
than the worst found in the county system. While some of 
these are better supported financially than some of the rural 
schools, they all suflFer seriously from a lack of any super- 
vision. They are greatly handicapped by their "independ- 
ence." One of the most unsatisfactory schools found in the 
county was a two-teacher school in one of these "independent 
systems" — entirely independent of any supervision or respon- 
sibility. One of the two teachers in this school was devoting 
practically half of her time according to her daily schedule 
to the teaching of spelling to two grades — with unsatisfactory 
results. 

Without doubt it would be far better if every one of these 
little "independent systems" were under the county admin- 
istration. 

An important question being much and favorably discussed 
over the State at this time is whether it would not result in 
"the greatest good to the greatest number" if an entire coun- 
ty, including the county seat, were working together for the 
good of all. To paraphrase a remark of the late President 
Roosevelt, "The county will never have the best schools for 
any of its children until it has good schools for all of its 
children." The county seat is as much dependent upon its 



rural public schools as upon its rural public roads for its 
prosperity, and should be as willing, even from a selfish stand- 
point, to promote their effiiciency. Public roads, public health, 
public schools, and all other public institutions are for the 
good of the entire public, and the costs of maintenance should 
be distributed accordingly. As in matters of taxation for the 
support of other institutions for the public good no lines 
should be drawn except county lines. To adequately meet the 
demands of democracy or promote the highest interests of 
the county equal educational opportunities should be extended 
to all the children. The accident of residence should not 
handicap any child. No child should be penalized educa- 
tionally because it lives in city or country. Financial support 
should be as liberal in the education of the one as the other, 
and lelose and constant and expert supervision should be as- 
sured alike to both. 

In working out a plan for practically accomplishing tRis, 
however, great care should be had that no policy is under- 
taken that would impair the efficiency of any school or sys- 
tem, or lessen the educational opportunities of any child. 
The purpose should be to improve all without impairing any. 
The highest interests of a county and its county seat are 
mutual and interdependent one upon the other. Neither can 
prosper permanently without sharing its prosperity, nor suf- 
fer seriously without imposing its misfortunes upon the other 
sooner or later. The theory of democracy in education should 
become a practice, and this is now the tendency in many pro- 
gressive counties of the State. The Constitution of 1877 made 
it so in four counties, others are voluntarily or by legislative 
action following their example, and our next Constitutional 
Convention will likely require it in every county — unless 
accomplished by earlier legislation. 

RECOMMENDATIONS 

Based upon conditions and results as found and reported in 
this Bulletin, and respectfully submitted to the school officials 
and patriotic citizens of Laurens county who desire to serious- 
ly undertake the business of public education for all the chil- 
dren of the county. 

1. A COUNTY UNIT SYSTEM OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 
In educational, as in other civic matters, it is recommended 
that the entire county be organized into one system of public 
schools under strong administration and close, constant, and 
expert professional supervision. The system should consist of 



one senior high school, offering several courses including a 
teacher-training course ; several junior high schools ; elemen- 
tary and primary schools; — and, eventually, kindergartens. 

2. LIBERAL SCHOOL TAX LEVIES against all the prop- 
erty of the county in order to raise the average degree of in- 
telligence of all the prospective citizens of the county. There 
could be no surer or more profitable investment. 

3. A careful grouping of the schools, and a gradual and 
progressive policy of consolidation of the rural schools around 
such centers as give best ipromise of permanency and efficien- 
cy. Transportation where necessary. Limitation of the num- 
ber of grades per teacher where full consolidation is not 
feasable. 

4. Better housing facilities and teaching equipment should 
be provided as rapidly as practicable and where there is prom- 
ise of permanency. 

5. A stronger teaching force, especially at the weakest 
schools. A higher standard of scholarship and training should 
be required. No school can be any better than its teacher. 

6. A richer course of study closely related to the lives and 
interests of the children constantly maintained under ample 
supervision. (Of course, including play and health activities.) 

7. Ample office room, office equipment, office help, etc., 
providing for such full records and information as would be 
demanded for the successful administration of any "big busi- 
ness." Probably card index systems should be installed. 

8. Free text-books as soon as a thorough business-like sys- 
tem is inaugurated, and when the schools are ready to prop- 
erly use and care for them. 

9. A system of regular periodical community meetings at 
the "Group Center Schools" — in the nature of "extension 
work." 

10. A DETERMINED "DRIVE" on the part of ALL THE 
PEOPLE for better educational facilities for ALL THE 
CHILDREN of the county. The people "caji have whatever 
they want whenever they want it." 

NOTE: This survey did not include the Negro Schoels, except a 
few educational measurements in Dublin Negro School. 



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TRAINING AND QUALIFICATIONS OF TEACHERS. 



License 



First 
Grade 



Second 
Grade 



One-Teacher Schools 
Two-Teacher Schools 
Larger Schools 



11 

28 
32 



Third 
Grade 



1 





None 



Training 



S'eventh 
Grade 



Junior 
High 



One-Teacher Schoole 
Two-Teacher Schools 
Larger Schools 



Senior Normal College 
High Training Training 
9 2 i 



10 



Experience 


One 
Years 




Two 
Years 




Three 
Years 


Four or 
More Years 


One-Teacher Schools 
Two-Teacher Schools 
Larger Schools 


4 ■ 

7 
2 




1 
8 
5 






5 

5. 
9 


13 

14 

21 


Length of Service 
at Present School 




One 
Year 




Two 
Years 




Three or More 
Years 


One-Teacher Schools 
Two-Teacher Schools 
Larger Schools 




18 
21 
18 




5 
9 
2 








4 

12 



NOTE: It was not possible to secure the above information from 
all of the teachers in the county. Therefore the table is not complete. 

There are thirty-six teachers in the Dublin System. Every 
teacher in the Dublin Grammar Schools has had either normal 
or college training. Every teacher in the Dublin High School 
is a college graduate. All except four of the teachers have 
had summer school work in addition to their normal or col- 
lege work. Thirteen teachers in the system and the superin- 
tendent have had work at Columbia University. 

From the tables above, it will be seen that the training of 
the teachers in the county system- compares unfavorably with 
the training of teachers in the Dublin system. It will be seen, 
also, that the teachers in the larger schools of the county are 
better qualified for their work than are the teachers of the 
small schools. A school can be no better than its teachers. 
The children of every community deserve as good schools and 
as good teachers as do the children of any community. The 
best for all the children should be the goal! 

The inefficiency of the teaching by reason of a lack of 
scholarship and training on the part of teachers is greatly in- 
creased by the frequent changes of teachers. (See Table 
above showing length of service at (present school). About 
twelve or fifteen of the teachers in the County System went 
to different schools the first of January in the middle of the 
school term. Teachers, above all people, should respect the 
moral obligations of their contract and school trustees should 
respect their contracts with teachers. 



The difference in attainment in the different types of schools 
in Laurens County, as a result of this inequality of -conditions 
are as to be expected. 

The percentage of over-age or retarded children is greater 
in the one-teacher schools than in the two-teacher schools and 
is greater in the two-teacher schools than in the larger schools 
and increasingly so as the grades advance. From the table 
above, it is seen that the average length of term in the one- 
teacher schools is 6.3 months ; in the two-teacher schools 
it is 6.8 months, and in the larger scho'ols it is 8.2 
months. Children can not do the same amount of work in 
six months that children of the same average ability can do 
in eight months and greater retardation in the schools having 
a shorter term is the natural result. 

The tables (pages 27-33) giving the scores made by the 
.pupils in the different types of schools on the educational 
tests and measurements show, also, that the classroom work 
in the one-teacher schools is poorer than the iclassroom work 
of the two-teacher schools and that the work of the larger 
schools is better than the work of the two-teacher schools. This 
result is the consequence, mainly, of two of the inequalities 
pointed out above. An average of 51 minutes per grade more 
is given to recitations in the grades of the larger schools than 
is given to the recitations in the grades of the smaller schools 
notwithstanding the shorter school day. The teachers of the 
one-teacher schools have not had so much training, nor so 
much experience as the teachers of the larger schools. (See 
Table above). Teachers who are largely untrained and in- 
experienced and who, because of the multiplicity of classes 
can give only ten or fifteen minutes to each recitation, can 
not be expected to help their pupils reach the same standards 
of achievement as teachers who have better training and who 
can devote 20 or 25 minutes to each recitation. 

The combined and tragic result of the conditions, and their 
corresponding results mentioned above, is this: The one 
teacher and many of the two teacher sahools are failing- to 
educate the children for whom they exist. In the one-teacher 
schools, only 12.7 per cent of the children entering the first 
grade stay in school long enough to enter the seventh grade ; 
in the two-teacher schools, 18.4 per cent of the children en- 
tering the first grade stay in school long enough to reach the 
seventh grade, and in the larger schools, 48.4 per cent reach 
the seventh grade ; in the Dublin system 72.3 per cent of those 
entering the fixst grade reach the seventh grade. 

10 



Among the causes of this failure of the smaller schools to 
hold the children in school are two of the conditions men- 
tioned above: namely, retardation and lack of thoroughness 
in class room work. The pupil who does not reach the seventh 
grade until he is sixteen or seventeen years old is embarrassed 
because of his over-age. In addition to this he is having to 
do, in the middle of the adolescent period, work which was 
outlined for children twelve of thirteen years of age, whose 
interests are far different from his own. If to his embarass- 
ment because of his age and to his lack of interest in the 
work he is trying to do is added the fact that, as a result of 
poor classroom instruction, he has not mastered the elemen- 
tary principles of reading, writing, language, and arithmetic, 
his situation is doubly difficult. His lack of mastery of these 
elementary tools of learning makes it hard for him to learn 
the assigned lessons, and thus schoolwork becomes irksome. 
Only a very few of the strongest boys and girls overcome the 
difficulties, resulting from the conditions in the smaller 
schools. The others drop out of school before having acquired 
Ihe elementary principles of an education. 



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Children usually enter school at the age of six and com- 
plete one grade a year, if their rate of progress is normal. 
Therefore six years is the normal age for a child in the first 
grade; seven years is the normal age for a child in the sec- 
ond grade, etc. A child who is older than the normal age 
for his grade is over-age or retarded. In the study of retard- 
ed children two years were allowed for the completion of 
each grade, thus children in the first grade six or seven years 
of age were considered normal ; children in the second grade 
seven or eight years of age were considered normal, etc. 

The percentage of retarded children is much larger in the 
one-teacher schools than in the two-teacher school ; it is larg- 
er in the two-teacher schools than in the schools having three 
or more teachers and it is much larger in the Laurens County 
System than in the Dublin System. 

The percentages of retardation vary considerably in the 
three grammar schools in the Dublin System. The percen- 
tage of retardation is greater in the Saxon Heights School in 
all of the grades, except thie first, than in the Johnson Street 
School and the Dublin High School. The percentages of re- 
tardation are much lower in the grades of the Dublin High 
School than in the other two schools. Probably the high per- 
centage of retardation in the Saxon Heights and in the John- 
son Street Schools may be accounted for by the fact that a 
large number of pupils come into these schools from the coun- 
try schools, unprepared to do the work. Their lack of pre- 
paration makes it necessary to put them back in a lower grade 
and thus they become retarded. 

The percentage of retardation is comiparatively low in the 
first grade in all the schools both in the Laurens County Sys- 
tem and in the Dublin Schools. The percentages increase in 
the grades, with one or two exceptions^ through the seventh 
grade and decrease again in the high school grades. 

Very little difference of individual native ability is evident 
in the first grade; children regardless of locality or residence 
■asually begin school at the same age, and therefore the low 
percentages of retardation in the first grades are to be ex- 
pected. The high percentages and the great difference in 
percentages in the grammar grades are (probably the result 
of irregular attendance and the differences in school condi- 
tions in the different types of schools. (This difference in 
school conditions has been discussed in detail elsewhere in 
this bulletin). The decrease in retardation in the high school 

17 



grades may be accounted for by the fact that only the 
strongest pupils have remained in school long enough to reach 
these grades. They, either because of superior native ability, 
or because of more favorable home conditions, have progressed 
through the grades normally, while a large number of the 
retarded pupils, because of the difficulties pointed out above, 
have dropped out of school. 

An examination of the individual scores made on the tests 
shows that on the whole the over-age pupils made lower scores 
than the pupils who are of normal age. The retarded child 
often has to repeat work that he has already done, or if he 
is two or three years retarded, he has to do work planned for 
younger children. In either case, the work has little interest 
for him and it is difficult to hold him in school. A. large 
number of retarded children in any school system means that 
that school system will have a large number of children drop- 
ping out of school before they have acquired an elementary 
education. The problem of retardation in Laurens County 
is serious and should receive the careful attention of both 
the City and County Superintendents. 

Facts Disclosed by the Daily Schedules. 

All of the teachers in the county were asked to hand in 
their daily schedules of work. A few teachers failed to do 
this, but from a study of the large number of schedules se- 
cured, some definite conclusions may be drawn. 

1. The schedules show that an undue amount of time is 
given to* some subjects. This is especially true of spelling. 
In many grades there are two or three spelling lessons per 
day, but in many instances the periods for these lessons are 
only five minutes in length, indicating that very little atten- 
tion is given to spelling and dictation. One schedule handed 
in by a teacher who has charge of only three grades showed 
that thirty minutes is given to arithmetic and fifteen minutes 
to spelling in each of the grades and that history and geogra- 
phy are alternated in a twenty minute period. (This was in 
one of the independent and unsupervised systems). 



18 



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The undue amount of time devoted to the upper grades is 
especially characteristic of the one-teacher schools. Such a 
time allotment is unfair and detrimental to the best interests 
of the pupils. Prom the tables showing the age — grade dis- 
tribution, it is seen that in the one-teacher schools there are 
359 pupils in grades one, two and three, and 74 pupils in 
grades six and seven. The total average number of minutes 
devoted to the 359 pupils in the first three grades in 165, 
while the total average of 140 minutes is devoted to the 74 
■pupils in the sixth and seventh grades. 

Graph showing the comparative number of pupils in Grades 
I, II and III and in Grades VI and VII, and the Total Aver- 
age Number of Minutes Devoted to Grades I, II, and III, and 
to Grades VI and VII. 



5 60 

280 

2^0 

200 
160 
120 

80 

40 




H No« Pupile 


1 


1 


1 


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1 




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No. 
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Pupil 8 






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Grades I , 
II, and III. 



Grades Vi 
and VII. 



22 



First, Second and Third Grade children are practically 
helpless. They do not know how to study and can learn only 
under the careful supervision of the teacher. Therefore, 
the children of these grades need much more of the teacher's 
time, than do the older pupils who have learned to study 
without direction. 

3. Many of the teachers do not know how to make out a 
day's schedule.- The following is a schedule handed in by a 
teacher who has charge of the 5th, 6th, and 7th grades in a 
three-teacher school. There were a number of schedules sim- 
ilar to this one. Such a schedule means nothing to the teacher 
or pupils and nothing to the superintendent or supervisor. 

Daily Schedule of School 

Opening exercises by Scripture Reading and Prayer 8 to 8 :10 

Arithmetic 8 :30 to 9 :00 

Georgraphy 9 :30 to 10 :00 

Recess 10 :00 to 10 :30 

Reading 10 :30 to 11 :00 

Grammar 11 :30 to 12 :00 

Dinner 12 :00 to 1 :00 

Writing 1 :00 to 1 :15 

Spelling 1 :15 to 1:35 

Hygiene 1 :35 to 2 :30 

Recess 2 :30 to 3 :00 

History ' 3 :00 to 3 :30 

Agriculture 3 :30 to 4 :00 

Close $4 :00 



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Course of Study in the County Schools 

1. The schedules show that in most cases there is no work 
done in the lower grades except the hearing of lessons in 
reading, arithmetic, spelling and language. Only a few sched- 
ules have a period for story-telling. Hand work is being 
done in only one school ; nature study is not given on any 
schedule. 

2. Many of the schedules show no period for the teaching 
of writing. On some of the schedules the writing period 
comes just after recess period. Children can not write well 
when they are tired from vigorous play. 

3. In some instances, the teachers are misinterpreting the 
State Course of Study. In one two-teacher school the eighth 
grade is studying Biology, Physical Geography and General 
Science and a recitation period is given for each of these 
three sciences every day. In one seventh grade, Reading and 
the "Spirit of Democracy" are given a separate period each 
day. The State Course of Study indicates that the "Spirit 
of Democracy" should be given at the Reading period. This 
condition shows that young teachers need careful supervision. 

4. The larger schools give very little attention to the prac- 
tical sciences in the upper grades. In one school, the eight 
grade is the highest grade. It has only one forty minute reci- 
tation period and that is devoted to Latin. This school is in 
one of the richest agricultural sections in the county. 

Measurement of Classroom Work 

Educational Tests were used as an objective standard of 
measurement for a comparative study of classroom work in 
the various schools. The tests were given under uniform con- 
ditions. The same two ipeople corrected all the papers and 
tabulated all the results, and therefore absolute accuracy is 
assured. 

Reading 

The Monroe Silent Reading Tests were used to test the 
reading ability of the pupils. Test I was given to grades 
III, IV, and V ; Test II was given to grades VI, VII, and VIII ; 
Test III was given to grades IX, X, and XI. The papers were 
scored for rate and comprehension. Rate represents the num- 
ber of words read per minute and comiprehension represents 

25 



ability to get the thought from paragraphs read. A section 
of Test I is printed below. 



Rate 
Value 

7 



Rate 

Value 

8 



No. 3 

O suns and skies and clouds of June, 
And flowers of June together, 
You can not rival for one hour 
October's bright blue weather. 
Which month does this stanza say is the more 
pleasant? 



No. 4 

They rested and talked. Their talk was all 
about their flocks, a dull theme to the world, 
yet a theme which was all the world to them. 

What do you suppose was the occupation of 
these men? 
Caprenter, Doctor, Merchant, Shepherd, Blacksmith 



Compre. 
henslon 
Value 



Compre- 
hension 
Value 

3 



From the tal)les printed ])elow, it vill be seen that all of 
the grades in the eonnty system and all of the grammar 
grades in the Dublin system are below the standard in both 
rate and comprehension. With the exception of the scores of 
the third and the fourth grades, the scores in reading in the 
one-teacher schools are lower than the scores of the two- 
teacher schools; the comiprehension scores of the two-teacher 
scho'ols are uniformly lower than the comprehension scores of 
the larger s;chools, and the scores made by the schools of the 
county system are uniformly lower than the scores made by 
the schools of the Dublin system. The difference between the 
scores of the county schools and the scores of the Dublin' 
schools is greater in the third and fourth grades than in the 
upper grades. This is partly due to the fact that the pupils 
in the country schools are not so well trained to follow in- 
structions as are the pupils in the Dublin schools. 

The scores made on Reading by the grades of the Washing- 
ton Street Colored School are, with one exception, much 
lower than the scores made by the grades in the Dublin White 
schools. It will be noted that the comprehension scores made 
by the colored school are much further below the standard 
than the rate scores. This fact indicates that in the negro 
school especial attention should be given to thought-getting 
in Heading. 

The scores made on Reading in the Dublin schools compare 
very favorably with the scores made by the other city sys- 
tems in Georgia to which the tests have been given. 



26 



Dublin School System Median Scores as Compared with 

Standards. Monroe Standardized Silent Reading 

Tests. 



Grades 


ni 


IV 


V 


VI 


VII VIII 


IX 


X 


XI 




Standard 


52. 
6.S 


70. 
12.7 


87. 
17.8 


90. 

18.5 


100. 106. 
22.8 26.0 


83. 
23.0 


85. 
25.4 


90. 

27.2 


Rate 
Comp. 


Dublin H. S. 


44. 
3.0 


67. 
10.0 


76. 
15.0 


69. 
17.0 


98. 81. 
19.0 18. 


77. 
21.8 


86. 
27.0 


77. 
23.0 


Rate 
Comp. 



Johnston St 


31 
3.0 


59. 
9.0 


76. 
13.0 


81. 
11.5 


89 

18.0 .. 


Rate 
Com.p. 


Saxon Heights 


44. 
4.0 


59. 
9.0 


87. 
18.0 


98. 
18.0 


77 

16.5 .. 


Rate 
Comp. 


Dublin System 


34. 
4.3 


59. 
9.4 


76. 
15.8 


81. 
15.4 


81 

18.2 .. 


Rate 
Comp. 



Median Scores of Washington Street Colored School as 

Compared with Standards. Monroe Standardized 

Silent Reading Tests. 



Grades 


III 


IV 


V 


VI 


vn 


VIII 




Standard 


52. 
6.8 


70. 
12.7 


87. 
17.8 


90. 
18.5 


100. 
22.8 


106. 
26.0 


Rate 
Comp. 


Washington Street 
Colored School 




63. 
6.0 


67. 

8.0 


69. 
10.5. 


69. 
9.5 


69. 
16.5 


Rate 
Comp. 



Median Score — Monroe Silent Reading Test 
Laurens County System. 



Grades 




III 


IV 


V 


VI 


VII 


VIII 


IX 


X 


XI 




Standard 




52. 
6.8 


70. 
12.7 


87. 
17.8 


90. 

18.5 


100. 
22.8 


106. 
26.0 


83. 
23.0 


85. 
25.4 


90. 
27.2 


Rate 
Comp. 


One-Teacher 

Schools 




22. 
1-0. 


37. 

4.5 


57. 
7.0 


54. 
7.0 


54. 
9.0 


43. 
4.0 








Rate 
Comp. 


Two-Teacher 
Schools 




22. 
1.0 


4.4. 
4.0 


59. 
8. 


54. 
10.0 


54. 
12.0 


54. 
13.0 


89. 
23.5 






Rate 
Comp. 


Schools Having 
S or more Teach 


22. 
2.0 


54. 
6.0 


59. 
8.5 


69. 
13.0 


69. 
14.0 


81. 
16.0 


68. 
17.1 


86. 
17.5 


77. 
22.0 


Rate 
Comp. 


Laurens County 
System 


22. 
1.5 


44. 
5.7 


59. 
8.5 


61. 
12.0 


66. 

13.0 


69. 
15.6 


69. 
17.7 


86. 
17.5 


77. 
22.0 


Rate 
Comp. 



Spelling 

The Monroe Timed Sentence Spelling Tests was used to 
measure the spelling ability of the pupils in the various 
grades. Test I was given to grades III and IV; Test II was 
given to grades V and VI; Test III was given to grades VII 
and the high school grades. The test is given as a dictation 
exercise and a time limit is allowed for each sentence or part 
of sentence dictated. The children ara niot permitted to 
know that they are being tested for spelling. 



27 



In the county system, the scores of the smaller schools are 
uniformly lower than the scores of the larger, schools. The 
scores made by the pupils of one-teacher schools are very 
low. These low scores made by the one-teacher schools are 
partly due to the fact that very little attention is given to 
writing in these schools. The fact that the children wrote 
so slowly and laboriously made it impossible for them to take 
the dictation as well as they might have done had they been 
able to write easily and readily. 

The scores made in spelling by the three grammar schools 
in the Dublin system vary very little. "With the exception of 
the third grade score, the scores of the grades are almost up 
to standard. These results indicate that the Dublin system 
is well organized and the three grammar schools are getting 
almost uniform results in spelling. 

But notwithstanding the fact that the class scores in the 
Dublin system are so near the standard score, some of the 
individual scores in spelling were very low. In many cases 
there is a great ditference between the highest and the lowest 
scores made by pupils in the same grade. For example the 
highest score made by the fourth grade 'of the Dublin High 
School is 98 per cent while the lowest score is only 10 per cent. 

The score of the fifth grade in the Johnston Street School 
is very low. This low score is probably due to the fact that 
the pupils in this grade were thinking more of their method 
of Avriting than they were of what they were writing. The 
Palmer Method of Writing has just been introduced into the 
Dublin System and the pu'pils of this grade seemed to be strug- 
gling very hard to change from their ordinary method of 
writing to the Palmer Method all at once. The cause of the 
low score in this grade should be investigated, however, by 
the superintendent and by the principal of the Johnston 
Street School. 

The eight grade score in spelling in the Dublin High School 
is 12 iper cent below standard ; the tenth grade score is exactly 
standard, and the ninth and eleventh grade scores are only 
2 per cent below standard. 

The scores made by the grammar grades in the county sys- 
tem are from 20 per cent to 35 per cent lower than the scores 
made by the grammar grades of the Dublin system. This 
is probably due partly to the fact that more emphasis is 
placed on dictation exercises and written spelling in the Dub- 
lin Schools than in the school of the county. 

28 



Language. 

Only one test was given in Language. This was the Trabue 
Language Scale B. The test was given to all grades from the 
third through the seventh. A copy of the test is printed be- 
low: 



Write only one word on each blank 
Time Limit: Seven minutes 



NAME 

GRADE 

AGE (on last birthday) . 



9. 
10. 



TRABUE 

LANGUAGE SCALE B 

We like good boys girls. 

The is barking at the cat. 

The stars and the will shine tonight. 

Time often more valuable money. 

The poor baby as if it were sick. 

She if she will. 

Brothers and sisters always to help 

other and should quarrel. 

weather usually a good effect 

one's spirits. 

It is very annoying to tooth-ache 

often comes at the most time imaginable. 

To friends is always the it 

takes. 

Published by 

Teachers College, Columbia University 

Copyright, 1920, by Teachers College 

The tables printed below show that the Dublin white school 
system, excepting the seventh grade, is below the standard. 
The scores of some of the grades are above the standard, 
however. 

The scores made by the Washington Street Negro School 
are very far below the Standard Scores. The scores of third 
and fourth grades are a year lower than standards for those 
grades ; the scores of the fifth and sixth grades are two years 
lower than the standards, and the scores of the seventh and 
eighth grades are three years below the standard for the 
seventh and eighth grades. 

It was impossible to give the Language tests to all of the 
schools in the .county. For this reason the scores made by 
these schools are not given. 

Grade Medians of the Schook of the Dublin System as Com; 
pared with the Standard Grade Medians. 

TRABUE LANGUAGE SCALE B. 



GRADES 


III 


IV 


V 


VI 


VII 


DUBLIN HIGH SCHOOL 


6.6 


10.3 


10.9 


11.6 


13.6 


JOHNSON STREET 


6.6 


9.3 


10.4 


11.0 


13.4 


SAXON HEIGHTS 


8.3 


9.8 


11.7 


12.7 


13.5 


DUBLIN SYSTEM 


6.7 


9.8 


11.1 


12.2 


13.4 


STANDARD 


8.0 


10.0 


11.4 


12.4 


13.4 



29 



Grade Medians of the Washington Street Colored School as 
Compared with the Standard. 



TRABUE LANGUAGE SCALE B. 



GRADES 


III 


IV 


V 


VI 


VII 


VIII 


Washington St. Colored Scliool 
Standard 


4.9 
8.0 


7.4 
10.0 


7.5 
11.4 


8.6 
12.4 


10.7 
13.4 


11.1 
14.4 



Writing. 

Ayre's Scale for Handwriting Gettyshnrii Kditioii was used 
for measuring the rate and quality of Writing in the schools. 
To secure samples of writing puipils were asked to write 
the stanza of the poem "jNIary Had a Little Lamb'* as many 
times as they could in the given time. The rate of Avriting 
rop resents the number of letters written per minute. 

A study of the tables giving the scores made on writing 
shows that the third, fourth, and sixth grades in the Dublin 
System are below the standard in speed, and that the fifth 
and seventh grades are above the standard. All of the grades 
are below the standard in quality. The samples of writing 
•show that the pupils in the Dublin grammar grades, on the 
whole, write neatly and legibly. Very little attention seems 
to be given to uniformity of slant, to letter formation or to 
spacing. But with the introduction of the Palmer Method 
of writing all of these points will doubtless receive careful 
attention. 

Writing in the schools of the :eounty has been discussed 
under the course of study and the Studj^ of the Daily Sche- 
dules. The rate and quality of writing in the country schools 
will be improved by having all of the teachers arrange a time 
for a regular writing lesson at some period during the day. 

Table Showing Scorrs Made In Writing— Dublin System. 



GRADES 


TTI 


TV 


V 


VI 


VIII 




Rato 
Oualltr 


33.3 


55 
40.5 


73 
51.9 


68 
46.9 


84 
66.1 


Dublin H. S. 


Rate 
Quality 


31 
36.6 


56 
45.0 


73 
47.1 


84 
56.5 


84 
61.3 


Johnston St. 


Rate 
Quality 


.?1 
39.6 


55 
50.0 


68 
60.8 


69 
64.0 


69 
63.5 


Saxon Heights 


Rate 
Quality 


32 
36.3 


55 

48 


70 
51.6 


69 
56 


82 
63.2 


Dublin System 


Rate 
Quality 


48 
47 


56 
50 


65 

55 


72 
59 


80 
64 


Standard 



30 



Laurens County System. 



GRADES 


III 


IV 


V 


VI 


VIII 




Rate 
Quality 


17 
31.4 


30 
35.6 


40 
45.0 


46 
50 


55 
57.5 


One-Teacher Sch'la 


Rate 
Quality 


28 
32.5. 


54 
38.5 


42 
46.6 


40 
57.5 


54 
62 


Two-Teacher Sch'ls 


Rate 
Quality 


29 
34.1 


52 
41.2 


55 
55 


56 
51.9 


70 
61.9 


Three or More 


Rate 
Quality 








, , 


. . 


Laurens System 


Rate 
Quality 


48 
47 


56 
50 


65 

55 


72 
59 


80 
64 


Standard 








Arithmetic. 







The Cleveland-Survey Arithmetic Tost was given to the 
piiinls of the third through the seventh grades inclusive. 
This is a series of fifteen tests, each of which is a different 
form of one of the fundamental proceses. There are various 
stages of difficulty in each of the fundamental processes m 
arithmetic e. g. In addition the child learns to find the sum 
of two numbers, as 2 and 2 ; later he learns to find the sum 
of three or more numbers, as 2 and 2 and 3 ; he learns to add 
columns of figures, and finally he learns to add numbers of 
two or more figures and thus masters the fprocess of "Carry- 
ing." There are also different stages of difficulty in sub- 
traction, in multiplication, and in division. The tests are 
so devised as to determine the extent to which the child has 
mastered each of these stages. There is a time limit to each 
test so that the rate of work in the different grades is deter- 
mined. 

The time allowances for the several tests are as follows : 
Set A. .30 seconds Set F. . .1 minute Set K. .2 minutes 
Set B. .30 seconds Set G. . .1 minute 
Set C. .30 seconds Set H. .30 seconds 

Set D.. 30 seconds Set I 1 minute 

Set E. .30 seconds Set J. . .2 minutes 



Set L. .3 minutes 
Set M . . 3 minutes 
Set N . . 3 minutes 
Set . . 3 minutes 



31 



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33 



The scores in arithmetic made by the schools of Laurens 
County are much lower than either the St. Louis or the Grand 
Ra;pids scores. On the whole, the scores made by the one- 
teacher schools are lower than the s;eores made by the two- 
teacher schools and the scores made by the two-teacher schools 
are lower than the scores made by the larger schools. The 
seventh grade scores, however, are an exception to the scores 
made by the other grades. In this grade the scores made 
by the one-teacher schools are in a number of instances higher 
than the scores made by the two-teacher schools and in three 
tests of the series, they are higher than the scores made by 
the larger schools. This high score in the seventh grade made 
by the one-teacher schools may be accounted for by the fact 
that there is only a small number of pupils in this grade in 
the one-teacher schools, and they represent the strongest pupils 
in these schools. The weaker puipils have dropped out before 
they reached the seventh grade. 

The scores made by the county schools are much lower than 
the scores made by the schools of the Dublin System. The 
Dublin third and fourth grade scores are better than the 
Grand Eapids scores and just a little lower than the St. 
Louis scores. The Dublin fifth, sixth, and seventh grade 
scores are lower than either the Grand Rapids or the St. 
Louis scores. It will be noted that in the more difficult pro- 
;cesses of addition, multiplication, and division (see scores 
beginning with G. in the series), the Dublin third and fourth 
grades are considerably ahead of Grand Rapids. But from 
the fifth grade up the Dublin scores on these processes are 
much lower than the Grand Rapids scores. The cause of this 
difference in the scores made by the lower and the upper 
grades in the Dublin System should be investigated by the 
superintendent and the principals of the various grammar 
schools. It should be noted, also, that all of the grades failed 
to add and subtract the simple fractions in Set H of the 
series. The lower grades are not exipeeted to do these prob- 
lems, but any pupil in the fifth grade or above should work 
problems like 3-4 less 1-4 and 2-7 plus 4-7. 

References 

Educational Tests and Measurements— Monroe, DeVoss and 
Kelly. Houghton Mifflin Co. 

A Teacher's Handbook on Educational Measurements, Read- 
ing, Writing, and Arithmetic — Bureau of Education Meas- 

34 



urements and Standards, Kansas State Normal School, Em- 
poria, Kansas. 

Gray, William S. "Methods of Testing Reading;" in Ele- 
mentary School Journal, vol. 16, pp. 281-98. (February, 1916). 

Jones, N. Franklin. Concrete Examination of the Material 
of English Spelling. (University of South Dakota, Bulletin, 
1913.) 

Monroe, Walter S. A. Report of the Use of the Courtis 
Standard Research Tests in Arithmetic in Twenty-four Cities. 
(Kansas State Normal School, Emporia; Bulletin new series, 
vol. 4, No. 8.) 



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38 




POPLAR SPRINGS SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Theo Fort; Miss Bertha Hubbard; Miss Julia Nel- 
son; Dublin, Georgia, Route 4. 

Location: 4 miles north to Centerville; 4 miles to Excelsior; 4 miles 
to Chapel Mill; 4 miles to Olive Grove. 

Grounds: Are*', 12 acres; titles in Church and School; magnificient 
oak grove; lot well situated; well drained; partly improved; 
ample play grounds; some play appliances; play supervised; 
school garden; two surface toilets (well kept). 

Building: Value $3,500 (a teachers' home and dormitory $2,500.00); 
three class rooms; 1441 sq. feet floor space; 255 sq. feet win- 
dow space (improperly placed); three cloak rooms; floors 
well oiled; good heating stoves; building in good repair and 
well kept; well painted; 

(Good building but entirely inadequate to the educational 
demands of the community). Cottage to be converted into 
model class room. 



Equipment: Patent single desks; no teachers' desks; a piano; in- 
sufficient amount of good blackboard; good maps; one sand 
table; no charts; no globes; w.ell framed pictures; library of 
500 volumes; reference dictionaries; sewing machine, etc. 

Organization: Three teachers; eight months school year; nine 
grades; enrollment 69; programs posted; sewing; shop work; 
canning club; pig club; literary society; etc. 

Maintenance: $2,100.00 per year from State School Fund, Local Tax, 
and private subscriptions. 

39 




OLD EVERGREEN SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Annie Coalson. 

Location: Three miles south to New Evergreen; four miles to Chapel 
Mill. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; titles Board of Educafon; located in 
fine grove; grounds unimproved; ample play grounds; no 
school garden; two surface toilets in bad condition. 

Building: Value $500.00; two class rooms without partition between; 
928 sq. feet floor space; 134 sq. feet window space, improper- 
ly placed; no cloak rooms; unceiled; unpainted; in bad re- 
pair; well kept. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desk; insufficient 
amount of good blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globe; 
no framed pictures; no library; no reference dictionary; 
water in covered cooler; common dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 24; present 23; no program posted; no industrial 
work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $330.00 per year from State School Fund. 



40 




NEW EVERGREEN SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Alethea Adams, Dublin, Ga. ; Route 1. 

Location: Three miles north to Old Evergreen; four miles to Chapel 
Mill; five miles to Centerville. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles Board of Education; located in fine 
oak grove; ample play grounds; one surface toilet in bad 
condition. 

Building: $900.00 value; two class rooms; floor space 1,434 sq. feet; 
window space 266 sq. feet; improperly placed; no cloak 
rooms; building in good repair; well kept; unpainted; ceiled. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; good blackboard; no maps; no 
globe; no chart; no framed pictures; no library; no refer- 
ence dictionary; water in open bucket; common dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; seven grades; 
fourteen pupils; eleven present; no program posted; 25 
recitation periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: From State School Fund $240.00. 



41 




CHAPEL MILL SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Nell Russell; Miss Pearl Russell; Post Office, Dublin, 
Ga. 

Location: Three miles south to Centerville: five miles south Poplar 
Springs; five miles east to Old Evergreen. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; titles local board; grounds unimproved 
not well kept; ample play grounds, unimproved; no school 
garden; one surface toilet. 

Building: Value $2,000.00 (new and unfinished); two class rooms; 
no cloak rooms; floor space 1200 sq. feet; window space 
165 sq. feet, improperly placed; building well kept; ceiled but 
unpainted. 

Equipment: Good patent desks ; no teacher's desks; good black- 
board; insufficient amount; one map of county; no charts; 
no globes; no framed pictures; no library; no reference dic- 
tionary. Water in open bucket, individual cups. 

Organization: Two teachers; six months school year; seven grades: 
enrollment 35; present tb-day 35; program posted; recita- 
tion periods nineteen and twenty-one; literary school club. 



Maintenance: $810.00 per annum from State School Fund and local 
tax. 

42 




CENTERVILLE SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Lizzie Singleton. 

Location: Four miles north to Chapel Mill; three miles south to 
Poplar Springs. 

Grounds: Area, ten acres; titles, in trustees; beautiful shady lot 
in good condition; unimproved; no school gardens; two sur- 
face toilets in very bad condition. 

Building: Value $500.00; one class room, size 648 sq. faet; window- 
space 120 sq. feet; windows improperly placed; building in 
good condition and well kept; unpainted but ceiled; heated 
by small stove. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desk; good black- 
board; no maps; no charts; no globe; no framed pictures; 
no library; no reference dictionary; water in open bucket, 
with common dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 30; present to-day 27; no program posted; forty 
recitation periods; no clubs. 

Maintenance: Fl-om State School Fund $210.00. 



43 




MARIE SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Sudie Shelor; Miss Inez Jones; Dublin, Route 1. 

Location Four miles north of Dublin; five miles south of Poplar 
Springs. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; title in local trustees; well situated; 
well kept; ample play ground; two good surface toilets. 

Building: Value $2,000.00; two class rooms; floor space 1344 sq. 
feet; window space 230 sq. feet, (not very well placed); 
two cloak rooms; building in good repair; well kept; floors 
oiled; painted outside and inside. 

Equipment: Single patent desk; no teacher's desks; good black- 
board; good maps; mounted on rollers in case; a sand table; 
no charts; a globe; framed pictures; a small library; no 
reference dictionary; covered water coolers. 

Organization: Two teachers; seven months school year; eight 
grades; enrollment 51; no program posted; — recitation 
periods; no industrial work; a literary society organized. 

Maintenance: $630.00 from State School Fund; $500.00 Local Tax. 



44 




BETHSAIDA SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Chattie Lee Miller; Miss Dorothy Fordham; Miss 
Ruth Cochran, Dublin, Georgia, Route 5. 

Location: Three and one-half miles northwest to Olive Grove; 
Three and one-half miles north to Poplar Springs. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; titles Local Board; grounds have been 
improved; ample play grounds; play supervised; planning 
to put in play appliances and school gardens; one surface 
toilet (very bad condition) ; grounds poorly kept. 

Building: Valuei $4,000.00; four class-rooms: a principal's office, 
library, reading room, etc; four cloak rooms; 2258 sq. feet 
floor space; 576 sq. feet window space (properly placed); 
building fairly well preserved and well kept; good heating 
stoves; painted inside and outside; well planned for school 
purposes. 

Equipment: Good single patent desks; good teacher's desks; 200 
feet of good blackboard; good maps; sand tables; glodes; 
framed pictures; no charts; a library (in a case); reference 
dictionaries. 

Organization: Three teachers; eight months school term; eight 
grades; enrollment 108; present 93; programs posted in each 
room; 19, 19 and 21 recitation periods; paper cutting, sewing, 
etc., tomato and poultry clubs. 

Maintenance: $1,970.00 a year from State School Fund and Local Tax. 

45 




PINE HILL SCHOOL 

Teacher:. Miss Essie Cummings, Dublin, Route 3. 

Location:. 3 miles north to New Bethel; 5 miles northeast to Dublin. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; titles, trustees; well located; unim- 
proved; not well kept; ample playgrounds; no school gar- 
den; two surface toilets in very bad condition. 

Building: Value $400.00; 2 class rooms; 774 sq. ft. floor space; 
112 sq. feet window space (improperly placed) ; one cloak 
room; building in bad repair; fairly well kept; heated b 
small stove; painted outside only. 

Equipment: home-made desks; no teacher's desk; poor blackboard; 
a few maps; a small globe; no charts; no pictures; no li- 
brary; no reference dictionary; water in open buckets. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; 7 grades; en- 
rollment, 28; present 26; no program posted; 48 recitation 
periods; Canning Club and Poultry Club. 

Maintenance: $330.00 from State School Fund; $84.00 per year from 
tuition fees. 



46 




OLIVET SCHOOL 

Teachers: John Harville, Dublin, Route 3. 

Location: 3 1-2 miles west to Pine Hill; 5 miles north to Dublin. 

Grounds: Area, 3 acres; title in local trustees; unimproved and 
neglected; very small play grounds; no school gardens; no 
toilets. 

Building: Value $250.00; two class rooms; no cloak rooms; floor space 
648 square feet; window space 94 square feet (improperly 
placed); building unfinished; in bad condition; badly kept; 
unpalnted. 

Equipment: Double home-made and patent desks; poor blackboard; 
no maps; no charts; no globes; no pictures; no library; no 
reference dictionaries; open water buckets; common dipper; 
water supplied from a well a quarter of a mile away. 

Organization: One teach,er; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 36; no program posted; 56 recitation periods a 
day; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: Salary $300.00 and board from State School Fund and 
patrons. 



47 



Ini). 


"* 

M?*-' 


■ 



GRINSTEAD SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Claudia McDaniel, Dublin, Route 10. 

Location: Four miles east to Thaggard; five miles south to Browning. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; title in local trustees (conditional); unim- 
proved; ample playground; no school garden; two surface 
toilets in bad condition; open well on lot. 

Building: Value $1,000.00; two class rooms; floor space 720 sq. feet; 
window space 216 sq. ft — not well placed; no cloak room; 
building painted outside only; one room well kept; both 
rooms in bad repair. 

Equipment: Single patent desks; teacher's desk; good blackboard; 
no maps; no charts; no globes; no pictures; no library; 
no reference dictionary. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; six grades, 
enrollment 16; present 13; no program posted; 25 recitation 
periods; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $300.00 per year from State School Fund; $72.00 
per year from subscriptions. 



48 




SPRING HILL SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Bertha Craddock, Dublin, Ga., Route 6. 

Location: 3 1-2 miles south to Mt. Zion; 5 miles west to New Salem. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles, trustees; grounds unimproved and 
neglected: no play grounds; one surface toilet in bad con- 
dition. 

Building: Value $400.00; two class rooms; 1200 sq. ft, floor space; 
100 sq. ft. window space (improperly placed); no cloak room; 
one class room new; the other one in bad repair; un painted; 
fairly well kept; heated by smjall stove; buildii^g very 
uncomfortable. 

Equipment: Double jpatent desks; no teacher's desks; good black- 
board; no maps; no charts; no globes; no framed pictures; 
no library; no reference dictionary; water in open buck- 
ets; common dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; eight grades; 
enrollment 30; 30 present; no program posted; 25 recitation 
periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $300.00 per year from State School Funds; $120.00 
per year from tuition. 



49 




HARMONY SCHOOL 

Teachers: Mrs. Ruby Harden, Dublin, Route 3. (Another to be sup- 
plied.) 

Location: Pearly 214 miles; Olivet 4 miles. 

Grounds; Area, two acres; titles in local trustees; grounds unim- 
proved and neglected; ample play grounds; no school garden 
two surface toilets in very bad condition. 

Buildings: Value $1,500.00; two class rooms; 1164 sq. feet floor 
space; 145 sq. feet whidow spade .(improperly placed) ; 
cloak rooms; has been painted but needs repainting; in bad 
state of repair; badly kept. 

Equipment: Insufficient number of patent desks; no teacher's desk; 
poor blackboards; no maps; no charis; no globes; a few 
pictures; very small library; no reference dictionary; coy- 
ered water cooler and individual drinking cups. 

Organization: Two teachers; seven months school year; six grades; 
enrollment 46; present 39; no programs posted; twenty 
six recitation periods; 1 teacher supplied since this record 
was made; no industrial work; no club. 

Maintenance: $875.00 from State School Fund; $175.00 from sub- 
scriptions. 



50 




OLIVE GROVE SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Emmie Floy Burch; Miss Alma Fordham; Dublin, 
Route 5. 

Location: 4 miles north to popular Springs; 3 1-2 miles southwest 
to Bethsaida. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; title in local trustees; condition unim- 
proved and well kept; insufficient playgrounds; no school 
garden; only one toilet (in bad condition) 

Building: Value $600.00; two class rooms; separated by curtain; 
848 sq. ft. floor space; 95 sq. ft. window space (improperly 
placed); no cloak room; building in good repair and well 
kept; painted outside only. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; insufficient amount of good black- 
board; set of maps mounted in case); a globe; no charts; no 
pictures; a small library; no reference dictionary. 

Organization: Two teachers; 8 months school year; eight grades; 
enrollment 43; no program posted; 65 recitation periods; no 
industrial work; a literary society. 

Maintenance: $660.00 State School Fund; $600.00 from Local Tax. 



53 




EXCELSIOR SCHOOL. 

Teacher: Miss Mattie Daniels. 

Location: Four miles north to Poplar Springs; 2 1-2 miles south 
to Bethsaida. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles local board; unimproved; not well 
kept; no play grounds; two surface toilets in very bad 
condition. 

Building: Value $450.00; one class room; no cloak room; floor space 
510 square feet; window space 105 square feet; improperly 
placed; building in good condition; well kept; ceiled but un- 
painted; heated by small stove. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desk; insufficient 
amount of good blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globe; 
no framed pictures; no library; no reference dictionary; 
water in cooler; common dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; eight months school year; eight grades; 
twenty-seven pupils; no program posted; thirty recitation 
periods; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $720.00 for year from State School Fund and local tax, 
$360. $360.00 from each source. 



52 




DUDLEY HIGH SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Kate Burkett; Miss Annie Cooke; Miss Lula Stan- 
ley; Mrs. Annie Daughtry. 

Location: At Dudley on the Macon, Dublin and Savannah Railroad. 

Grounds: 4 acres; title in local trustees; centrally located and well 
situated; grounds being developed according to plans sub- 
mitted by landscape engineer, in which ample playgrounds, 
school gardens, play appliances, teachers' home, flower gar- 
den, experimental plat, etc., are provided. Two sanitary 
septic tank toilets; a good well with pump on ground?. 

Building: Value $30,000 (two-story brick); six class rooms and good 
auditorium; cloak rooms; 4320 square feet floor space in 
class rooms; 702 sq. feet window 'space (well placed);^ 
building new and in first class condition, well planned for 
school purposes: well kept; auditorium well suited for 
school and public uses; electrically lighted throughout. 

Equipment: New patent single desks; no teachers' desks; 600 linear 
feet good blackboard; maps mounted in cases; sand tables; 
no charts; no globes; well selected framed pictures; library; 
reference dictionaries; water supplied in covered coolers; 
individual cups. 

Organization: Five teachers; n'ne months school year; ten grades; 
enrollment 145; 125 present; programs posted; literary so- 
ciety; canning club and poultry club; a woman's club has 
charge of the improvement on school grounds, and will 
push it vigorously. 

Maintenance: $1,750.00 from State School Fund; $2,150.00 from Lo- 
cal Tax; $500.00 from Barrett-Rogers Bonus for consolidated 
school. 

NOTE: This school receives a bonus of $500.00 under the 
Barrett-Rogers Act for consolidated elementary school. 



53 




KEWANEE SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Lilla M. Floyd. 

Location: Two and one-half miles to Providence; four miles to 
Buckhorn; lour miles to Dudley. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles in Board of Education; very beau- 
tiful site but unimproved; small play ground; one surface 
toilet in very bad condition. 

Building: Value $250.00; one class room; no cloak room; 1,000 
sq. feet floor space; 96 sq. feet window space, improperly 
placed; no cloak rooms; condition bad; not well kept; paint- 
ed outside only; originally built for country store. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desk; good black- 
board; no map; no chart; no globe; no framed pictures; no 
library; no reference dictionary; water in open bucket and 
common dipper. Good spring. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; five grades; 
enrollment 17; present to-day 17; no program posted; 21 
recitation periods; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $240.00 a year from State School Fund. 

54 




MONTROSE SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Mary Crossley; Mrs. Jim Scarborough; Miss Lu- 
cile Thomas; Montrose, Georgia. 



Location 
Grounds 



5 miles south to Dudley; 5 miles north to Allentown. 



Area, a large town lot; title in local trustees; lot covered 
with fine oak grove; in good condition and well kept; ample 
play grounds; play appliances; no school gardeins; two 
surface toilets in bad condition. 

Building: Value $1,800.00; two-story; three class rooms; 2,910 sq. ft. 
floor space; 269 sq. ft window space (improperly plUced),; no 
cloak rooms; unsuitable building; not well kept; heated 
with good stoves; painted. 

Equipment: Double patent desk; teacher's desks; good black- 
boards; several maps; one chart; globe; several pictures; 
a reference dictionary; no library; covered water cooler; 
individual cups; well on grounds. 

Organization: Three teachers; nine months school year; nine 
grades; enrollment 93; present 82; no program posted; 
fourteen, twenty and twenty-six recitation periods; no in- 
dustrial work; a school improvement club organized. 

Maintenance: $1,040.00 from State School Fund. From Local Tax 
$1,800.00. County pays $600.00 per year for a truck for trans- 
portation. Contemplate building new school building. 

55 




BERRY SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Emmie Wood. 

Location: Three miles west to Walnut Creek; five miles soutli to 
Centerville. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; titles private individual (?); ample play- 
grounds, unimproved; two surface toilets. 

Building: Value, $325.00; one class room, size 625 sq. ft; window 
space 102 square feet, improperly placed; no cloak room; 
heated by small stove; building old and unpainted. 

Equipment: Double home-made desks; no teacher's desk; insuf- 
ficient amount of very poor blackboard; two small maps; 
one chart; one reference dictionary; no library; no globe; 
no framed pictures. 

Organization: One teacher; school year, six months; six grades; en- 
rollment 33; present to-day 21; 25 recitation periods; no 
club work. 

Maintenance: $300 per annum from State School Fund. 

56 




BUCKHORN SCHOOL 

Teachers: Mr. Taylor, Miss Bayne Coleman; Miss Payne, Dexter, 
Georgia, R. F. D. 



Location: Providence 3 miles east; 3 miles to Boothe. 



Grounds: Area, 2 acres; titles in trustees. 



Building: Value $10,000; 4 class rooms and auditorium; painted 
outside and inside; badly lighted. Building new and not 
equipped. No utility rooms; no halls; no cloak rooms; no 
transoms over doors. 



Equipment: New, single patent desks being installed. No other 
equipment. 



Organization: Four teachers; 8 grades; 100 pupils; no programs 
posted; no industrial work; no school or community clubs. 



Maintenance: $1,230.00— $592 Local Tax; $638.00 from State Funds. 

57 



\L.4t;i.4L'd 




1 




**** 



ALCORN SCHOOL 

Teacher: Mrs. Willie M. Price, Dexter, Route 2. 

Location: 3 1-2 miles south to Dexter; 4 miles west to Buck Horn. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; titles in County Board of Education; 
unimproved; in bad condition; ample playgrounds; no school 
garden; two surface toilets; one in very bad condition. 



Building: $500.00 value; tM'o class rooms; floor space 834 sq. ft; 
window space 162 sq. ft. improperly placed; no cloak rooms; 
one room in fairly good condition; the other room unfit for 
use; fairly well kept; unpainted. 

Equipment: Double patent and home made desks; no teacher's desk; 
insufficient amount of blackboard; no maps; no charts; no 
globe; no pictures; no library; no reference dictionary; 
water in open bucket. 

Organization: One teacher; 8 months school year; 5 grades; fortj- 
six enrollment; no programs posted; some industrial work; 
a Canning Club organized. 



Maintenance: 
Tax. 



.00 per year from State School Fund and Local 



58 




WILKINS SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Allene Scarborough; Miss Hattie Stubbs; Dexter, 
Route 2. 

Location: 3 miles from Dexter. 

Grounds: Area 2 acres; titles Trustees; situated in pine grove; 
grounds unimproved; ample play grounds; no school gar- 
den; one surface toilet in bad condition. 

Building: Value $1,200.00; two class rooms; floor space $1,440 sq. 

feet; window space 171 sq. feet; (improperly placed); no 

cloak rooms; building in good condition and well kept; un- 
painted; insufficiently heated by small stoves. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers' desks; good black- 
boards no charts; no globes; no pictures; no library; no ref- 
erence dictionary; water in open buckets; common dippers; 
supplied from good well on lot. 

Organization: Two teachers; six months school year; eight grades; 
enrollment 84; programs posted; 34 recitation periods; no 
industrial work; poultry and corn clubs; community school 
improvement club. 

Maintenance: $600.00 from State School Fund; $240 from Local Tax.. 



59 




NEW SALEM SCHOOL 
Teachers: Forest H. Stockton, Miss Bertha Bonds, Dexter, Route 1. 

Location: 2 miles south to Mt. Zion; 3 miles southwest to Wllkins. 

Grounds: Area 2 acres; titles in local trustees; grounds well sit- 
uated; in good condition; ample playgrounds; some play 
appliances; a flower garden; two surface toilets in very bad 
condition. 

Building: Value $2,000.00; two class rooms; 960 sq. feet floor space; 
300 sq. feet window space (well placed) ; building in good con- 
dition; well kept; well heated lunch rooms and cloak rooms; 
painted outside only. 

Equipment: Double patent and home made desks; good teachers 
desks; good blackboards; several maps; one chart; one 
globe; framed pictures; small library; a reference diction- 
ary; covered water cooler; individual cups; screened lunch 
closet in front hall. 

Organization: . .2 teachers; seven months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 69; 67 present; no program posted; 25 and 30 re- 
citation periods; canning clubs and poultry clubs. 

Maintenance: $735.00 per year from State School Fund; $815.00 per 
year from local tax. 



60 




NAMELESS SCHOOL 

Teachers: Misses Pearl Biirch and Effie Burch, Dexter, Route 3. 

Location: 3 miles north to Wilkins; 3 miles to Alcorn; 4 miles east 
to Dexter. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles Trustees; grounds in bad condi- 
tion and unimproved; very small play ground; a little play 
equipment; no school gardens; two surface toilets in very 
bad condition. 

Building: Value $1,000.00; two class rooms; floor space 1,250 sq. 
ft.; window space 288 sq. ft. (improperly placed); no cloak 
rooms; building in good condition; not well kept; heated 
by two stoves; painted outside only. (To be repainted soon.) 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desks; insufficient 
amount of good blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globes, 
no pictures; no library; no dictionary; covered water cooler 
and individual cups; a good well on school grounds. 

Organization: Two teachers; seven months school year; nine 
grades; enrollment 65; present 62; programs posted; reci- 
tation periods 36 and 29; ho industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: 1750.00 per year from State School Fund; $560.00 
per year from local tax. 



61 




RENTZ HIGH SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Ida O'Neal; Miss Mary Chambliss; Miss Ruby Dan- 
iel; Rentz, Ga. 

Location: One and one-half miles east to Mt. Zion; 2 1-2 miles to 

MuUis. 

Grounds: Area, 2 acres; title in town council; location well situ- 
ated, well drained, partly improved, well kept; small play 
grounds; no school gardens; two surface toilets in very bad 
conditions. 

Building: Value $15,000.00 (two-story brick); four class rooms and 
auditorium; 1764 sq. feet floor space (in class rooms); 315 
sq. feet window space (fairly placed); two cloak rooms; 
building well kept but needing some repairs; good heating 
stoves. 

Equipment: Single patent desks; teachers' desks; good blackboard; 
maps; globes; pictures; no charts; no reference dictionary; 
a very small library; covered water cooler; individual cups. 

Organization: Two teachers; seven months school year; nine 
grades; enrollment 112; 99 present; no programs posted; 15, 
22, and 28 recitation periods; no industrial work; no school 
clubs; a Ladies' School Improvement Club; Ladies have 
spent $700.00 for seats for auditorium and a new piano. 

Ma'nt-nance: $.552.00 from State School Fund; $1,605.00 from Local 
Tax, 

62 




EVANS SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Blannie Stallworth; Miss Pearl Warren; Rentz, 
Route 1. 

Location: 3 1-2 miles east to Rentz; 2 miles north to Mullis; 2 
miles south to Cadwell. 

Grounds: Area two acres; titles in trustees; neglected; badly kept; 
no play grounds; one surface toilet in very bad condition. 

Building: Value $300.00; 968 sq. ft. floor space; 300 sq. feet win- 
dow space (improperly placed); two class rooms; building 
in very bad condition ;very poorly kept; insufficiently heat- 
ed; very uncomfortable; unceiled and unpainted. 

Equipment: No desks; no teacher's desk; no black board; no chart; 
no globe; no pictures; no library; no dictionary; water from 
neighboring well. 

Organization: Two teachers; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 57; present 47; no program posted; no industrial 
work; no clubs. 



Maintenance: $540.00 from State School Fund; 
from Local Tax. 



,00 per year 



63 




MULLIS SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Ila Daniel, Rentz, Ga. 

Location: Two miles northwest to Rentz. 

Grounds: Aiea, one acre; title in local trustees; unimproved; no 
playgrounds; no school garden; one surface toilet in very 
bad condition. 

Building; Value $150.00; one class room; floor space 549 sq. ft., 
window space 119 sq. feet, improperly placed; no cloak 
room; heated by very small stove; unceiled and unpainted. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desk; insufficient 
amount of blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globe; no 
framed pictures; no library; no reference dictionary; water 
in open bucket; common dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school; six grades; enroll- 
ment 30; present 23; no program posted; 30 recitation pe- 
riods: no clubs. 



Maintenance: $280.00 per year from State School Fund; $140..00 
per year from local tax. 



64 




MOUNT ZION SCHOOL 
Teacher: Miss Olive Bishop, Rentz, Ga. 

Location: Two miles south to Rentz; three miles to Spring Hill. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; title in local trustees; unimproved; very 
little playground; no school garden; one surface toilet in 
very bad condition. 

Building: Value $350.00; one class room; floor space 340 sq. feet; 
window space, 81 sq. feet, improperly placed; no cloak 
rooms; heated by small stove; building well kept; ceil- 
ed but unpainted. 

Equipment: Double home-made desks; no teacher's desk; very poor 
blackboard; no maps; no chart; no globe; no library; no 
reference dictionary; water in open bucket; common drink- 
ing dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 28; present 26; no program posted; 30 recitation 
periods; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $330.00 per year from State School Fund; $225.00 a 
year from Local Tax. 



65 




CADWELL HIGH SCHOOL 

Teachers: Mr. Cates; Mrs. Parkerson; Miss Jones; Miss Gladys 
Wilson; Miss Ruby Burch, Cadwell, Ga. 

Location: 2 1-2 miles to Batson; 5 miles north to Rentz. 

Grounds: Area 1 1-2 acres; title in Town Council; well located; 
grounds in good condition; water from hydrant on grounds; 
Insufficient playgrounds; two surface toilets in bad condi- 
tion. 

Building: Value $10,000 (brick); two class rooms; good audito- 
rium; well lighted; no cloak rooms but wide hall; build- 
ing in good repair and well finished, but will need enlarg- 
ment. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; teachers' desks; good black 
board; several maps; no charts; no globes; a few pictures; 
small library; reference dictionary. 

Organization: Two teachers (one more to be supplied); nine 
months school year; enrollment 72; present 62; program 
posted; 57 recitation periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $297.00 per year from State School Fund; $1,200.00 

per year from local tax. 
e 
Note: The rural school has been consolidated with the Cadwell 

school. There are now 5 teachers and 150 pupils. The 

maintenance is about $3,500.00 

66 




BATSON SCHOOL 
Teacher: Mr. O, R. Smith, Plainfield, Georgia. 

Location: 2 1-2 miles west to Cadwell; 2 1-2 miles east to Leon 
School (in Dodge County.) 

Grounds: Area, one acre; title, Trustees; grounds unimproved; neg- 
lected; very small play grounds; no school garden; one 
surface toilet in bad condition. 

Building: Value $200.00; one class room; 875 sq. ft. floor space; 
126 sq. feet window space (improperly placed) : no cloak 
room; building in bad repair; insufficiently heated by a di- 
lapidated stove; unpainted. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desk; insufficient 
amount of good blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globes; 
no pictures; no library; no reference dictionary. 



Organization: One teacher; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 21; present 17; no program posted; 34 recita- 
tion periods; no industrial work; no club work. 

Maintenance: $300.00 per year from State School Fund; $225.00 
per year from Local Tax. 

67 




NEW BETHEL 



Teachers: Mrs. S. G. Lee, Dublin, Ga., Route 5, Miss 



Location: Pine Hill 3 miles south; New Salem 4 miles. 

Grounds: Area, 2 acres; title in local trustees; level, plenty of 
shade and place for play; well kept; play supervised; two 
new sanitary toilets in good condition; well equipped with 
pump. Grounds fenced. 

Building: Value $7,000.00; 4 rooms and hall; floor space 2,080 sq. 
ft.; window space 336 sq. ft.; in good condition; well kept; 
good cloak rooms; heated by good stoves; painted inside; 
brick outside. Floors oiled. 

Equipment: Single patent desks; 1 teacher's desk; 200 linear feet 
black-board; roller maps; globes; framed pictures; library; 
reference dictionary. 

Organization: Two teachers; 8 grades; 73 pupils; 58 present; pro- 
grams posted; industrial work; literary society; 7 months 
school year. 

Maintenance: Local tax $745; $595 County funds. 



68 




WHITE WATER SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Frances Weaver, Alamo, Route 1. 

Location: 2 1-2 miles north to Cedar Grove; 3 miles northwest to 
Union Springs. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; titles (no deed executed); unimproved; 
ample playgrounds; no school garden; surface toilets. 

Building: Value $300.00; one class room; floor space 544 sq. ft. 
window space 63 sq. ft. (improperly placed); no cloak rooms; 
building in bad repair; unpainted; insufficiently heated by 
very small stove. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desk; good black- 
board; no maps; no charts; no globe; no pictures; no library; 
no reference dictionary; water in open bucket; common 
dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 25; present 22; no program posted; 42 recitations 
periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: 5;330.00 per year from State School Fund. 




BAKER SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Emma Heath, Miss Veomie Heath, Rentz, Ga. 

Location: 3 miles northwest to Piney Mountain; 6 miles south to 
Oakdale. 

Grounds: Area, 2 acres; titles in local trustees; grounds in bad con- 
dition; small play grounds; no school garden; two surface 
toilets in bad condition. 

Building: Value $1,000.00; 3 class rooms; 1200 sq. feet floor space; 
185 sq. ft. window space (badly placed); in bad condition; 
no cloak rooms: unpainted; heated by small stoves. 

Equipment: Patent desks in bad condition; no teachers' desks; very 
poor blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globes; no pictures; 
no library; no reference dictionary; a covered water cooler. 

Organization: Two teachers; 7 months school year; 7 grades; en- 
rollment 70; no program posted; no industrial work no school 
clubs. 

Maintenance: $1,190.00 per year from State School Fund and Local 
tax. 



70 




PINE FOREST SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Bain Coleman, Miss Effie Graham, Cadwell, Route 1. 

Location: 2 miles north of Piney Mountain: 5 miles from Cadwell. 

Grounds, Area, two acres; titles in local trustees; lot unimproved 
and neglected; small play grounds; no school garden; two 
surface toilets in bad condition. 

Building: Value $1,800.00; three class rooms; 1220 sq. feet floor 
space; 193 sq. ft. window space (improperly placed); build- 
ing in fair condition of repair; fairly well kept; ceiled but 
unpainted inside; painted outside; heated by small stoves. 

Equipment: An insufficient number of desks; no teacher's desks; 
very poor blackboard; a few maps;' a chart; one globe; 
several pictures; a small library; a reference dictionary; 
water in open buckets; common dipper. 

Organization: Three teachers; seven months school year; eight 
grades; enrollment 110; no programs posted; 22 recitation 
periods per teacher; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $1,225.00 a year from State School Fund and Local Tax. 

71 




CEDAR GROVE SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Docie Joyner; Miss Nell McLendon; Miss Pauline 
Jackson; Dublin, Route 2. 

Location: 3 miles to AVhite Water; 3 miles to Union Springs; 4 
miles to Oak Dale. 

Grounds: Area, 1 acre; titles jointly in School Board, Odd Fellows, 
and Masons; grounds unimproved; very small play grounds; 
no school garden; two surface toilets in very bad condition. 

Building: Value $2,500.00; two-story (upper story used for Lodge 
purposes); three class rooms; 2100 sq. feet floor space; 144 
sq. feet window space (improperly placed); no cloak rooms; 
building in fairly good repair and well kept; insufficiently 
heated by small stoves; ceiled but unpainted. 

Equipment: Double home-made desks; no teachers' desks; insuffi- 
cient amount of poor blackboard; one map; no charts; no 
globes; no pictures; no library; one reference dictionary; 
covered water cooler; individual drinking cups. 

Organization: Three teachers; 8 months school year; 8 grades; 
enrollment 95; no programs posted; 19, 24 and 25 recitation 
periods; a literary society; corn club; pig club. 



Maintenance: $660.00 per year from State School Fund; $400.00 
from Local Tax. 



72 



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OAK DALE SCHOOL 

Teachers: T. H. Woodey; Miss Fay Sublette; Miss Effie Currie; 
Dublin, Georgia, Route 10. 

Location: 4 miles south to Cedar Grove; 4 miles east to Browning; 
6 miles north to Baker. 

Grounds: Area 2 acres; title in local trustees; unimproved and 
utterly neglected; no play grounds; no school garden; no 
toilets. 

Building: Value $300.00; 3 class rooms; 1,420 sq. feet floor space; 
68 sq. feet window space (improperly placed) ; no cloak 
rooms; building in dilapidated condition; badly kept; insuffi- 
ciently heated; unpainted; uaceiled; dark and uncomforta- 
ble. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers desks; very poor 
blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globe; no pictures; no 
library; no reference dictionary; water supplied from very 
unsanitary well on school lot. 

Organization: 3 teachers; six months schoolyear; seven grades; en- 
rollment 58; no programs posted; no industrial work; no 
school clubs. 

Maintenance: $1,320.00 per year from State School Fund and Local 
Tax. 



73 




LOWRY SCHOOL 

Teacher: Mrs. Lula May Wynn, Dublin, Route 9. 

Location: 2 Miles to New Browning; 3 miles White Springs east. 

Grounds: Area ; title in Trustees; sandy, with plenty of 

pine trees, and large play grounds; no play equipment; no 
gardens; unimproved; 1 surface toilet — in bad condition. 
Water secured from spring. 

Building: Value $500.00; New — good condition; poorly kept; Painted 
inside; heated by stove (needs repairs); 476 sq. ft. floor space; 
sq. ft. window space; ceiled. 

Equipment: Single patent desks; no teachers desk; no sand tables; 
no charts; no globes; no library; no reference distionary; no 
water cooler; open buckets, with dippers. 

Organization: 1 teacher; 7 grades; 35 pupils; 27 present; no pro- 
gram posted; 39 recitation periods; no industrial work; no 
community clubs; 6 months school term. 



74 




HILBURN SCHOOL 
Teacher: Miss Katharine Eubanks, Adrian, Ga; Route 1. 

Location: Three miles northwest to Scott; four miles east to Silver 
Leaf. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; titles trustees; unimproved and utterly 
neglected; ample room for play ground; no school garden; 
one toilet in disreputable condition. 

Building: Value $400.00; one room; 676 sq. ft. floor space; 135 sq. 
ft. window space (improperly placed) ; building in very bad 
repair; badly kept; window broken out; unpainted. 

Equipment: Double desks and teacher's desk; poor blackboard; one 
map; no chart; no globe; no pictures; a small library; a 
reference dictionary. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 47; present 31; a program posted; 30 recitation 
periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $300.00 per year from State School Fund; 5150.00 
per year from local tax. 



75 




SPIVEY SCHOOL. 

Teacher: Miss Katie Mae Greer; Rockledge, Route 1. 

Location: One mile south east to New Tweed; two miles east to 
Blue Springs; five miles to Woods. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; title trustees; in bad condition and neg- 
lected; no alpy grounds; no toilet. 

Building: Value $100.00; one class room; 840 sq. feet floor space; 
75 sq. feet window space (improperly placed) ;no cloak 
room; in very bad repair; utterly uncomfortable; badly 
kept; ; a positive punishment to children to have to sit in 
this uncomfortable building. 

Equipment: A few rough, home-made desks; very poor black- 
board; no maps; no charts; no globe; no pictures; no 
library; no reference dictionary; water dipped from a dirty 
spring on the grounds. 

Organ izaztion: One teacher; six months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 28; 8 present;; no industrial work; no clubs. 
Maintenance: $400.00 per yeara from State School Fund. 



76 




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NEW TWEED SCHOOL. 

Teacher: Miss Sallie Mae Spivey; Miss Arcie Mell Spivey; Rock- 
ledge, Rt. 1. 

Location: Two miles north to Spivey;; two miles south to Blue 
Spring. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles trustees; grounds unimproved and 
badly neglected; small play grounds; no school gardens; 
one surface toilet. 

Building: Value $200.00; two class rooms; 800 sq. feet floor space; 
100 sq. feet window space (improperly placed) ; no cloak 
rooms; in bad state of repair and badly kept; unpainted; 
uncomfortable. 

Equipment: Double home-made desks; no teachers' desk; small 
amount of good blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globes; 
no pictures; no libraz-y; no reference dictionary; open water 
buckets common dippers. 

Organization: Two teachers; six months school year; seven 
grades; enrollment 41; present 26; no programs posted; 
forty-nine recitation periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $438.00 per year from State School Fund; patrons 
contribute board to the teachers. 

77 




PINE GROVE SCHOOL 
Teachers: Miss Emma Sloan; Miss Essie Watson; Scott, Route 1. 
Location: Five miles to Lovette; six miles to Scott. 

Grounds: Area, one one-half acres; titles (?); grounds unimproved; 
very little play grounds; no school garden; one toilet in 
bad condition. 

Building: Value $800.00; two class rooms; 1224 sq. feet floor space; 
247 sq. feet window space (improperly placed) ; no cloak 
rooms;; building in need of repairs; unpainted; fairly well 
kept. 

Equipment: Patent and home-made desks; insufficient amount of 
good blackboard; several maps; one chart; one globe; no 
pictures; very small library; (with case); a reference 
dictionary; water in open buckets; common dipper. 

Organization: Two teachers; six months school year; seven grades 
enrollment 90; present 53; no program posted; 16 and 31 
recitation periods; no industrial clubs; a pig club. 



Maintenance: $600.00 from State School Funds; $330.00 from Lo- 
cal tax. 



78 




SALTER SMITH SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Carrie Reynolds, Rockledge, Ga. 

Location: Four miles west to Rockledge. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles Trustees; grounds neglected; very 
small playgrounds; no school garden; one surface toilet in 
very poor condition. 

Building: Value $400.00; one class room; floor space 792 sq. feet; 
window space 114 sq. feet; improperly placed; building in 
good repair; well kept; impainted. 

Equipment: Double home-made desks; no teacher's desk; good 
black-board; no maps; no charts; no globe; no framed pic- 
tures; no library; no reference dictionary; water in open 
bucket with common dipper. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school years; seven grades; 
enrollment 21; present 21; no program posted; 20 recitation 
periods; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $300 from State School Fund. Local Tax $300. 



79 




BEACHAM SCHOOL 

Teacher: Mrs. Lollie Greer, Rockledge, Ga. 

Location: 2 miles north to Blue Springs; 3 miles west to Tweed. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles trustees; grounds unimproved; 
very small play grounds; no school gardens; no toilets. 

Building: Value, $500;. one class room; 800 sq. feet floor space; 
112 sq. feet; window space (improperly placed); no cloak 
rooms; building new; fairly well kept; unpainted; unceiled; 
window panes broken out. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desk; good black- 
board; no map; no charts; no globes; no pictures; no 
library; no reference dictionary. 

Organization: One teacher; six months school year; six grades; 
38 enrollment; present 26; no program posted; 36 recitation 
periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $330 per year from State School Fund; $100 per year 
from local tax. 




BLUE SPRINGS SCHOOL 

Teachers: Lienel Chavous; Miss Minnie Graham; Rockledge, Rt. 1. 

Location: 3 miles south to Beacham. 

Grounds: — Area, % acre; title in local trustees; grounds unimproved 
and utterly neglected; very small play grounds; no school 
gardens; no toilets. 

Building: Value $500; one class room; 800 sq. feet floor space; 135 
sq. feet window space (improperly placed); no cloak rooms; 
unfinished; unceiled; unpainted. Building practically new. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teacher's desks; insufficient 
amount of good blackboard; no map; no charts; no globes; 
no framed pictures; no library; no reference dictionary; 
water in open bucket; common dipper.' 

Organization: Two teachers; seven months school year; seven 
grades; enrollment 56; present 40; no programs posted; 50 
recitation periods; no Industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $528 per year from State School Fund; $300 per year 
from Local Tax. 

81 




THAGGARD SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Alma Herndon, Dublin, Ga., R. F. D. 3. 

Location: Two miles southwest to Grinstead; two miles northeast to 
Harmony; two miles to Pearly. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles in trustees; low and flat; ample 
playground; two toilets in very bad condition. 

Building: Value $400; one class room; 682 sq. feet floor space; 
90 sq. feet window space; improperly placed; no cloak room; 
painted outside only; in bad repair; badly kept. 

Equipment: Double home-made desks; no teacher's desk; good 
blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globe; no library; no 
reference dictionary; a few pictures. 

Organization: One teacher; seven months school year; six grades; 
enrollment 40; no program posted; 25 recitation periods; no 
industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $240 from State School Fund; $70 from individual sub- 
scriptions. 



82 




LOVETTE HIGH SCHOOL 

Teachers: H. B. Barnes; Miss Myra Marcham; Miss Mamie Beallr 

Mrs. Nina Manning. 

Location: 5 miles to Brewton; 8 miles to Chambers. 

Grounds: Area, four acres; titles in local trustees; shaded lot in good 
condition and well kept; sufficient play grounds; play super- 
vised, no school gardens; two surface toilets, (unsanitary). 

Buildings: Value $2,000; three class rooms; 2,600 sq. feet floor- 
space; 378 sq. feet of window space (improperly placed); 
cloak rooms; fair condition of repair; well kept; painted 
outside only. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; good blackboards; maps; globes; 
no charts; no pictures; no reference dictionary; a small 
library. 

Organization: Four teachers; eight months school year; ten grades; 
enrollment 101; 90 present; programs posted; 20 to 45 reci- 
tation periods per teacher; no industrial work; no school 
clubs; two school pigs fed on scraps. 

Maintenance: $3,100 per year from State School Fund and Local 
School tax. County pays $4-50 per year for transportation. 

Remarks: This school represents consolidation of three schools 
from which children are being transported here. A new build- 
ing is contemplated. 

83 




SMITH'S DISTRICT SCHOOL 
Teachers; E. A. Langford; Miss Nina Carter; Miss Clara Fowler. 

Location: 5 miles to Dublin; 5 miles to Woods; 6 miles to Brew- 
ton. 

Grounds: Area, five acres; titles in Board of Education; no play 
equipmentj grounds not well kept; play supervised; no 
school garden (except to have soon); 2 toilets (insanitary). 

Building: Value $4,000; 4 rooms and auditorium; Condition fair; 
building clean; no cloak rooms; painted inside and outside. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; 15 feet blackboard; maps; a ref- 
erence dictionary; no charts; no globes; no pictures. 

Organization: Three teachers; eight grades; enrollment 84; present 
65; Programs posted; no industrial work; Canning and Poul- 
try clubs; no community clubs. School year 32 weeks. 

IVIaintenance: $3,800 (Local tax and state funds); 3 wagons trans- 
port 60 pupils; three districts consolidated into one. 



84 




BREWTON SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Louise Burnley; Mrs. Delia Manniiii 
Ballard; Brewton, Georgia. 



Mrs. E. D, 



Location: 5 miles to Lovette; 6 miles to Silver Leaf; 6 miles to 
Smith District School. 

Grounds: Area, two acres; title in local trustees; grounds unim- 
proved; ample play ground; no school garden; two surface 
toilets in bad condition. 

Building: Value $2,000; Four class rooms; 1,850 sq feet floor space; 
378 sq. feet window space (improperly placed) ; no cloak 
rooms; building in fair condition of repair and well kept; 
painted. 

Note: Bonds have just been voted for a new building and 
plans are being considered. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers' desks; insufficient 
amount of good blackboard; several maps; no charts; no 
globes; no pictures; small library; two reference dictionaries. 

Organization: Three teachers; nine months school year; nine 
grades; enrollment 97; present 90; program posted; recita- 
tion periods from 20 to 40 minutes each; no industrial work; 
a literary society. 

iViaintenance: $3,000 per year from State School Fund and local tax. 
Note: This school represents a consolidation of three school 
districts; the pupils are being transported in trucks; $30,000 
in bonds have been voted for new school building. 







PEACE SCHOOL 

Teachers: W. M. Thompson and Mrs. W. M. Thompson, Dublin, 
Route 9. 

Location: 2 miles northwest to Pearly; 2 miles south to Hurricane; 
4 miles to White Springs. 

Grounds: Area, 2 acres; title in County Board of Education; unim- 
proved and utterly neglected; no play grounds; water supply 
from a neighboring well; no school garden; two surface 
toilets in bad condition. 

Building: Value $200; two class rooms (only one of which is in 
use); 1200 sq. feet floor space; 100 sq. feet window space 
improperly placed); building unfurnished; unceiled; un- 
painted; in bad repair, and thoroughly uncomfortable. Heated 
by a very small stove incapable of warming the room in 
cold weather. 

Equipment: Double patent and home-made desks in bad condition; 
very small amount of blackboard; no maps; no charts; no 
globes; no pictures; no library; no dictionary. 

Organization: Two teachers; six months school year; six grades; 
enrollment 35; no programs posted; 33 recitation periods; 
no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $510 per year State School Fund; $300 a year from 
local tax. 



86 




HURRICANE SCHOOL 

Teacher: Mrs. A. J. Windham, Post Office, Glenwood, Route 4. 

Location: Peace three and a half miles; White Springs five miles. 

Grounds: Area, 2 acres; titles Board of Education; swampy and 
unimproved; not well kept; no play ground; two surface 
toilets in bad condition. 

Building: Value $500; one class room; two cloak rooms; floor space 
680 sq. feet; window space 84 sq. feet; impr.operly placed; 
painted; in good repair and well kept. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; good blackboard; no maps; no 
charts; no globe; no pictures; no library; no reference dic- 
tionary; no water near the school; children bring water from 
their homes. 

Organization: One teacher; seven months school year; five grades; 
enrollment 24; present 24; no program posted; thirty reci- 
tation periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $385 per year from State School Fund; $210 per year 
from Local School Tax. 




PEARLY SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Bernice Dale, Dublin, Route 3. 

Location: Harmony 2 miles north; Peace 6 miles. 



Grounds: Area ; titles in Board of Education; plenty of 

room; fairly well kept; no play ground; no applances; no 
gardens; one surface toilet In bad condition; water secured 
from neighbor's well. 

Building: Value $350; one room; 484 sq. feet floor space; 50 sq. 
feet window space; condition fairly good; well kept; has 
cloak rooms; heated by very poor stove; not painted; build- 
ing ceiled. 



Equipment: Double home-made and patent desks; no teacher's desk; 
no charts; no globes; no framed pictures; no library; no 
reference dictionary; hyloplate blackboard in bad condition; 
no water cooler. 

Organization: 1 teacher; 7 grades; 30 pupils; 25 present; 37 recita- 
tion periods; no industrial work; no school club; no com- 
munity club; 6 months term. 

Maintenance: $338 from County Funds, supplemented by $120 local 
funds. 




ROCKLEDGE SCHOOL 

Teachers: Mrs. G. M. Maddox; Miss Cecil Farris; Rockledge, Ga. 

Location: IVz miles to Salter Smith; 2% miles to Blue Spring. 

Grounds: Area, 50x100 feet; titles in Town Authorities; very un- 
suitable location; unimproved and utterly neglected; no play 
grounds; only one surface toilet, (in bad condition); no 
shade trees. 

Building: Value $400; two class rooms; 1,176 sq. feet floor space; 
153 sq. ft. window space (improperly placed) ; building in very 
bad repair; badly kept; insufficiently heated; unpainted; 
unattractive and unfit for school purposes. 

Equipment: Rough, home-made desks; no teacher's desks; very poor 
blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globes: no pictures; 
no library; no reference dictionary; water in open bucket; 
common dipper. 

Organization: 2 teachers; 9 months school year; 6 grades; enroll- 
ment 44; present 31; programs posted; 19 and 30 recita- 
tion periods; no industrial work; no club work. 

Maintenance: $306 per year from State School Fund, $500 per year 
from local tax. 

Note: Rockledge is an independent system. 
89 




WHITE SPRINGS 

Teachers: Miss Vela Leech; Miss Sallie Robertson; Glenwood, Ga., 
R. F. D. 4. 

Location: 4 miles north to Peace; 6 miles northeast to Hurrican. 

Grounds: Area, 2 acres; titles in local trustees; in good condition 
and being improved; no play grounds; no school garden; two 
surface toilets. 

Building: Value $2,000; two class rooms; 1,176 sq. feet floor space; 
176 sq. feet window space (improperly placed); cloak rooms; 
building in good condition and well kept; painted; covered 
water coolers and individual drinking cups. 

Equipment: Good blackboards; plenty of good maps, mounted in 
case; no charts; no globes; no library; a few pictures; a 
reference dictionary. 

Organization: Two teachers; 7 months school year; 8 grades; en 

rollment 73; present 57; program posted; recita 

tion periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 



Maintenance: 



from State School Fund; $420 from local tax. 
90 




COUNTY LINE SCHOOL < 

Teacher: Mr. Russell Weeks, Eastman, Ga., Route "A." 

Location: On Dodge County line, four miles north to Bay Creek 
School. 

Grounds: Area, one-half acre; title in trustees; unimproved; no play- 
grounds; no school garden; one toilet; condition bad. 

Building: Value $500; one class room; floor space, 1,360 Sq. feet; 
window space 130 sq. feet (improperly placed); no cloak 
room; heated by one small stove; unceiled and unpainted. 

Equipment: Single patent desks; teacher's desk; desk; good black- 
board; no maps; no charts; no globe; no framed pictures; 
no library; no reference dictionary; covered water cooler. 
Open well on the grounds. 

Organization: One teacher six months school year; six grades; en- 
rollment 38; 38 present; (one-half of the patronage from 
Dodge County); program posted; thirty recitation periods; 
No clubs. 

{Maintenance: $600 per year from State School Fund, and local tax 
270. 



91 




DEXTER HIGH SCHOOL 

Teachers: O. K. Jolly; Miss Katie Hines; Miss Annie G. Hill; Mrs. 
Thomas, Miss Hilburn (Music teacher) Dexter, Ga. 



Location: 4 miles south to Wilkins; 5 miles west to Alcorn; 
miles northeast to Kewanee; 4^^ miles to Buckhorn. 



41/2 



Grounds: Area, three acres; title in town council; well located and 
situated but lot unimproved and not well kept; ample play 
ground; no school garden; two surface toilets in very bad 
condition. 

Building: Value $6,000; four class rooms; no cloak rooms; 3,600 
sq. feet floor space; 768 sq. feet window space; heated by 
good stoves; newly painted outside; ceiled, but unpainted 
inside; badly planned but in good condition of repair and 
well kept. 

Equipment: Single and double patent desks; teachers' desks; good 
black boards; maps; no charts; no globes; no pictures; a 
very small library; a reference dictionary; covered water 
coller; water supplied from city hydrant. 

Organization: Four teachers; nine months school year; eleven 
grades; enrollment 130; present 116; programs posted; 14, 
18, 19, and 20 recitation periods; no industrial work; no 
school clubs. 

Maintenance: $700 from State School fund; $1,230 from Local Tax; 
$400.00 from Matriculation fees. 

92 



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CHAMBERS SCHOOL 

Teachers: Miss Cora West; Mr. S. L. Webster, Dublin, Ga., Route 8. 

Location: Marie 3 miles southwest; Brewton 8 miles east. 

Grounds: Area 1 acre; title in Trustees; sandy and covered with 
beautiful trees; condition fairly good; no play grounds; no 
play appliances; nuo gardens; 1 surface toilet (condition bad). 



Building: Value $300; 1 room; bad roof; 72 sq. feet window space; 
684 sq. feet floor space; no cloak rooms; condition very poor; 
not well kept; heated by stove; not painted. Called. 

Equipment: Double patent desks; 1 teacher's desk; hyloplate black- 
board; no maps; no charts; no library; no reference dic- 
tionary; no pictures; a covered water cooler, with cups; an 
organ. 

Organization: 2 teachers; 7 grades; 42 pupils; 32 present; program 
posted; no industrial work; no school clubs; no community 
clubs; school year 8 months. 

Maintenance: $630. 



93 




BAY CREEK SCHOOL 

Teacher: Miss Georgia Burns, Eastman, Route 4. 

Location: 4 miles south to Union Line; 5 miles northeast to Pine 
Forest. 

Grounds: Area, one acre; titles in trustees; unimproved; no play 
ground; no school garden; two surface toilets in bad condi- 
tion. 

Building: Value $500; one class room; floor space 852 sq. feet; win- 
dow space 284 sq. feet; improperly placed; no cloak rooms; 
building in bad repair; unpainted. 

Equipment: Double patent and home made desks; no teacher's desk; 
good blackboard; no maps; no chart; no globe; no pictures; 
no library; no reference dictionary; water in open bucket. 

Organization: One teacher; seven months school year; seven grades; 
enrollment 36; 30 present; no program posted; 35 recitation 
periods; no industrial work; no clubs. 

Maintenance: $240 per year from State School Fund and Local tai 
lUO. 

94 



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